This void is an impediment to theoretical development and cumulative knowledge production in such a potent filed. For instance, there have been no attempts to exclusively assess the history and evolution of scientific research on GnSBMs. Martin Geissdoerfer et al., 2020 Lemus-Aguilar et al., 2019 Schaltegger et al., 2016a, 2016b), taxonomies (Fraccascia et al., 2019 Nosratabadi et al., 2019a, 2019b) and typologies (Ciulli & Kolk, 2019 Henry et al., 2020) have contributed to this end, there are still several unanswered questions which deserve more attention. Although several literature reviews (e.g. Given the role of GnSBMs in the discourse of business sustainability, it is essential to have a panoramic and up-to-date understanding of the state of research in this field. Achieving a true business sustainability, hence, requires an understanding of GnSBMs and how they differ from usual BMs (Dyllick & Muff, 2015). It is common sense that every sustainable business has a GnSBM (Dentchev et al., 2018 Lüdeke-Freund, 2020 Yip & Bocken, 2018) which ‘helps describing, analysing, managing and communicating (1) its sustainable value proposition to its customers, and all other stakeholders, (2) how it creates and delivers this value, (3) and how it captures economic value while maintaining or regenerating natural, social and economic capital beyond its organizational boundaries’ (Schaltegger et al., 2016b, p.
The conceptual structures from 2002 to 20 to 2020 were mapped and an agenda for future research was proposed.įew topics have received as much attention from researchers and practitioners as business sustainability (Barbieri & Santos, 2020 Curtis & Mont, 2020 Dyllick & Muff, 2015 Gao & Bansal, 2013), and at its core, green and sustainable business models (hereafter GnSBMs) (Agrawal & Bellos, 2017 Foss & Saebi, 2017 Franceschini & Pansera, 2015). Life cycle analysis indicated that research on GnSBM went through an introductory stage from 2002 to 2013 and then began to rapidly grow in 2014, and this growth is forecast to continue until circa 2040. Its historical roots can be traced to the pioneering works on business strategy in the 1950s, environmental science in the early 1960s and stakeholder theory in the 1980s. Our analysis revealed that research on GnSBMs is moving from a multidisciplinary to an interdisciplinary domain.
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Towards this end, we extracted 851 publications on GnSBMs from the Scopus database and employed a series of bibliometrical techniques to: (1) explore the historical roots and sleeping beauties, (2) assess the life cycle, (3) map the conceptual evolution and (4) propose a research agenda for this growing field. Preponderance of research and an increasing global pressure to adopt GnSBMs necessitate a comprehensive understanding of the state of research on GnSBMs. Over the last two decades, green and sustainable business models (GnSBMs) have become a prominent topic of discussion among scholars, practitioners and policymakers.
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